SELECT 
  feature_id, 
  feature_type 
FROM 
  cscart_product_features 
WHERE 
  feature_id IN (572, 25, 580, 592, 581, 582, 833)

Query time 0.00038

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_features",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["feature_id"],
      "rows": 7,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_product_features.feature_id in (572,25,580,592,581,582,833)"
    }
  }
}

Result

feature_id feature_type
25 S
572 S
580 S
581 S
582 S
592 S
833 S