SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    5133, 5349, 4928, 5044, 5030, 5029, 5033, 
    5028, 5031, 5032, 4908, 5099, 5100, 
    5101, 5102, 5344, 5342, 5343, 5103, 
    15724, 15725, 5105, 5106, 4348
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru'

Query time 0.00111

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "206",
      "used_key_parts": ["object_id", "type", "dispatch", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 24,
      "filtered": 75,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (5133,5349,4928,5044,5030,5029,5033,5028,5031,5032,4908,5099,5100,5101,5102,5344,5342,5343,5103,15724,15725,5105,5106,4348) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}