SELECT 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id AS product_id, 
  cscart_seo_names.name AS seo_name, 
  cscart_seo_names.path AS seo_path 
FROM 
  cscart_seo_names 
WHERE 
  cscart_seo_names.object_id IN (
    6516, 6341, 6517, 6600, 6555, 5873, 6159, 
    5495, 5872, 7078, 5491, 5864, 5865, 
    5492, 5493, 5494, 6250, 7041, 6953, 
    6515, 7042, 6160, 18151, 18150
  ) 
  AND cscart_seo_names.type = "p" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.dispatch = "" 
  AND cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru'

Query time 0.00120

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_seo_names",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "dispatch"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "206",
      "used_key_parts": ["object_id", "type", "dispatch", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 24,
      "filtered": 75,
      "index_condition": "cscart_seo_names.object_id in (6516,6341,6517,6600,6555,5873,6159,5495,5872,7078,5491,5864,5865,5492,5493,5494,6250,7041,6953,6515,7042,6160,18151,18150) and cscart_seo_names.`type` = 'p' and cscart_seo_names.dispatch = '' and cscart_seo_names.lang_code = 'ru'"
    }
  }
}